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Shaykh Saleem Dhorat

Guidelines and Advices Relating to Janāzah

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم


14th Jumādal-Ākhirah 1441 AH ~ Saturday 8th February 2020

By Shaykhul-Hadīth, Hadrat Mawlānā Muhammad Saleem Dhorat hafizahullāh 

Recently two close members of my family departed to meet the Creator (this article was written in April 2018): my aunt being my father’s first cousin; and my nephew, who unexpectedly departed at the age of 44. May Allāh ta‘ālā forgive them and grant them entry into Jannatul-Firdaws, Āmīn.

During moments of both joy and grief, we have been provided with guidelines by our beloved Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam which we need to follow, in order to be rewarded by Allāh ta‘ālā. On the occasion of a bereavement, we need to pay attention to certain points related to bathing, shrouding and burying the deceased:

•  The injunction of hijāb should be observed by every Muslim male and female. It should be observed in one’s lifetime and also when someone passes away, from the moment of death, during the bathing and shrouding and until after the burial. Non-mahrams of the deceased should not view the deceased.

•  It is more virtuous and better to give ghusl to the deceased as soon as possible.  It is common practice to first fix the time of the burial and thereafter give ghusl as per our convenience. The practice which needs to be adopted is that the custodians of the deceased should focus on bathing and shrouding the deceased as soon as the person passes away, whilst simultaneously making arrangements for the burial.

•  Before giving ghusl, those giving ghusl should go through the procedure of giving ghusl to the deceased and not rely on their own knowledge. It is not every day that we give ghusl to the deceased, so many a time even those who regularly give ghusl also become habituated to adopting an incorrect method which afterwards becomes their norm, assuming that it is correct. Similarly, the ‘Ulamā only get the opportunity to give ghusl once in a while as well and so can also be prone to mistakes. Therefore, everybody should refer to simple books of fiqh and go through the method of giving ghusl; thereafter, give ghusl according to the correct method trying utmost to carry out as many sunnah and mustahabb as possible. (Inshā’allāh the IDA will soon publish a leaflet, detailing the method of how to bathe the deceased.)

•  When giving ghusl to the deceased, the cloth used to cover the body of the deceased should be dark in colour like black, brown or blue, so the body of the deceased does not become visible even after the cloth becomes wet.

•  It is sunnah to apply perfume to the deceased. The method for this is to apply camphor upon those limbs and parts of the body which touch the ground during Salāh in prostration. ‘Itr (perfume) will be applied to the beard and the hair of the head for males and only to the hair of the head for females.

•  When lifting the deceased people normally recite Shahādah loudly and some people encourage others to do so as well. This is makrūh. One should remain engaged in silent dhikr of their preference and ponder over the situation which the deceased is to face soon and make du‘ā accordingly. 

•  In the presence of the deceased, the Glorious Qur’ān can be recited silently or audibly if the ghusl has taken place. However, if the ghusl is yet to take place, it will be permissible to recite the Qur’ān audibly near the deceased if the body is totally covered from head to toe, or if one recites at a distance from the deceased. If the body is not fully covered, the Qur’ān may be recited silently near the deceased. However, the Qur’ān should not be recited if any impurities are upon or around the deceased. Similarly, Qur’ān should not be recited whilst in the bathing area whilst the ghusl is taking place.

•  The viewing of the face of the deceased before the Janāzah Salāh is contrary to Islamic teachings if it leads to a delay in the performance of Janāzah Salāh, resulting in a delay in the burial. From this it is concluded that it is also contrary to Islamic teachings to view the face of the deceased after the Janāzah Salāh, as this will definitely lead to a delay in the burial. Some ‘Ulamā are of the opinion that this practice should be discarded completely as it can lead to other wrongs, such as people taking photos of the deceased.

•  Sometimes close relatives, such as a son, hold on to the Janāzah throughout. This is against the Sunnah method. Similarly, it is preferred to walk behind the Janāzah; it is ok for a few people to be slightly ahead of the Janāzah. Moreover, for the majority to proceed ahead of the Janāzah is makrūh.

•  Those who are going to participate in the Janāzah Salāh, should go through the method of performing Janāzah Salāh and in particular understand the necessary requisites of Janāzah Salāh. (Inshā’allāh a leaflet will soon be available from the IDA.)

•  The followers should say the takbīrāt during the Janāzah Salāh softly.

•  Those who participate in Janāzah Salāh should go with sincerity, only for the Pleasure of Allāh ta‘ālā and with the aim to acquire the reward that He has promised. Participating in Janāzah Salāh and burial only to show one’s presence is contrary to the teachings of Islām.

•  Dignity should be maintained before and after the Janāzah Salāh, whilst the burial is taking place and after the burial. People should not make noise and talk about worldly matters; they should avoid meeting and greeting each other; complete focus should be on the success of the deceased in the grave. Everyone should continue to busy themselves in dhikrullāh and recitation of the Glorious Qur’ān, passing its reward to the deceased and continually asking Allāh ta‘ālā to forgive the deceased.

•  It is preferable to bury the deceased without a coffin; not to benefit from this facility where it is available and to bury the deceased in a coffin is lamentable. However, in conditions where there is excessive moisture in the soil, a coffin may be used.

•  The whole body of the deceased should be turned towards the Qiblah, not only the face. The body should be turned to its right, and if possible, supported against the wall of the grave towards the Qiblah side. If required, soil can be placed to support the back of the deceased.

•  Many a time, the filling of the grave is done by using a digger. Those present should wholeheartedly participate and fill the grave with their hands or by using spades.

•  After the burial it is mustahabb to recite the beginning verses of Sūrah Al-Baqarah at the head and the final verses of Sūrah Al-Baqarah at the feet of the grave, as was the practice of Sayyidunā Ibn ‘Umar radhiyallāhu ‘anhu. However, this practice should be left out now and then, so that people do not deem it to be necessary. The Glorious Qur’ān is recited to attract the Mercy of Allāh ta‘ālā through which it is hoped that the deceased will be saved from punishment of the grave. Similarly, the recitation of the Qur’ān is a means of solace and comfort for the deceased, along with its reward being a blessing for him. For these reasons, the gathering can recite any portion of the Qur’ān. Furthermore, after the burial all forms of adhkār and du‘ā are permissible; to deem a certain form of dhikr or portion of the Qur’ān to be necessary is incorrect.

•  As mentioned above, the recitation of Sūrah Al-Baqarah, or any other portion of the Glorious Qur’ān, is for the benefit of the deceased and not for the gathering. Therefore, it is not necessary for the recitation to be so loud that it reaches the whole gathering.  Some ‘Ulamā are of the opinion that these verses should be recited silently.  From this it can be understood that microphones are not required for this purpose; rather it is better to discard the use of microphones.

•  Congregational du‘ā after the burial is permissible, but not necessary. This practice should also be left out at times. Similarly, there is no need for du‘ā after the burial of a child, as it is sinless.

•  After the burial, people pay a lot of attention to bettering the grave and others busy themselves comforting the near and dear ones; as a result they become negligent of the deceased. It is desirable after the burial, for the near and dear ones to stand around the grave for a while and recite the Qur’ān or engage in adhkār and du‘ā for the deceased. Mullā ‘Alī Al-Qārī rahimahullāh has stated that each person should try to recite Sūrah Yāsīn after the burial.

•  Sprinkling water over the grave after the burial to settle the soil is mustahabb. To deem it necessary is incorrect.

•  The cost of the burial is the responsibility of the deceased, and so will be taken from his estate, except in case of a wife, for whom the burial costs are borne by the husband. However, the relatives and well-wishers who come for the funeral are not the guests of the deceased and are not his responsibility. The cost of the food for the guests can only be paid from the estate of the deceased, if all the inheritors are bāligh (mature) and they wholeheartedly give permission.

•  Those attending the burial should try to make their own arrangements for food, as on such occasions we should not become a burden on those who are grieving.

•  It is mustahabb for the relatives and the near and dear ones to feed the family of the deceased for one day, and according to some ‘Ulamā, a maximum of three days. However, it is a matter of concern that this beautiful sunnah of assisting and helping those in grief sometimes takes the form of a feast, where 50 to 100 people are invited and many times it goes beyond Shar‘ī limits too.

•  The leaflet, “Ta‘ziyah: The Sunnah Method of Consoling the Bereaved”, and the booklet, “Inheritance in Islām”, both published by the Islāmic Da‘wah Academy (www.idauk.org), should be read by every individual.

May Allah ta‘ālā grant us all the ability to practice. Āmīn.

© Riyādul Jannah (Vol. 27 No. 3)


We are witnessing an era where Islām, in spite of its vastness and applicability in every sphere of the human life, has been confined to mere beliefs and a handful of rituals. As with some other important obligations of Islām, the obligation of ensuring the correct procedures in the field of inheritance has also been subjected to gross disregard and outright neglect. In fact, this section of Dīn can be said to be the most neglected one among all. Seeing such state of affairs, the respected Shaykh hafizahullāh embarked on the task of acquainting the Muslims on the importance of this vital duty. The lectures delivered proved to be highly informative and beneficial, but only to a limited audience. In order to extend the benefits to a larger part of the Ummah, it was decided that two of these lectures be selected and published in booklet form. (34 pages p/b + Islamic will template) £1.00A few topics mentioned in the booklet are as follows:• Equality in inheritance
• What can be drawn from the estate
• The importance of drawing up a will
• Causes of incorrect wills
• Criteria for wasiyyah (bequest)
• What to do following a death
• Common errors and customs
To order the above book or for details of our other publications, please email  info@idauk.org or call 0116 262 5440.

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Shaykh Saleem Dhorat

Valuing the Last Ten Days of Ramadān

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

By Shaykh-ul-Hadīth, Hadrat Mawlānā Muhammad Saleem Dhorat hafizahullāh

The month of Ramadān is full of blessings. Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam said:

And it is a month the first part [first ten days] of which is mercy, the middle part [middle ten days] is forgiveness and the last part [last ten days] is emancipation from the Fire (of Jahannam). (Ibn Khuzaymah)

Having passed through the first ten days of ‘mercy’, we find ourselves in the second ten days of ‘forgiveness’ and approaching the last ten days, wherein Allāh ta‘ālā emancipates His servants from the Fire of Jahannam. Now, we will find people with different mind-sets; some will count down the days in eager anticipation of ‘Īd after which they will not have to stay hungry and thirsty for long hours anymore; some will have spent the major part of Ramadān exerting much effort in devotion to Allāh ta‘ālā and thus feel that they can now relax in the last ten days as they have, in their opinion, carried out much ‘ibādah already; and some will not have done anything of note until now and feel that there is no point of doing anything in these remaining days.

All these mind-sets are incorrect, as the last ten days of Ramadān hold great significance and virtue over the first twenty days of Ramadān. One only needs to examine the conduct of Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam during the last ten days to understand their virtue.

The Conduct of Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam during the Last Ten Days

Sayyidah ‘Ā’ishah radhiyallāhu ‘anhā reports that when the last ten days of Ramadān would enter, Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam would tighten his waist belt, stay awake at night and awaken his family. (Al-Bukhārī)

In this hadīth, Sayyidah ‘Ā’ishah radhiyallāhu ‘anhā has mentioned three things:

1.  Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam would tighten his waist belt, which refers to preparation for exerting himself in ‘ibādah.

2.  Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam would stay awake throughout the nights of the last ten days of Ramadān and worship Allāh ta‘ālā.

3.  Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam would awaken his family also for ‘ibādah and tahajjud so that they too can acquire the blessings of the blessed nights.

The fact that Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam would especially exert much effort in devotion during the last ten days of Ramadān, shows the virtue and significance of these last ten days. And why would Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam not exert effort during these last ten days, when they have been specified for the Night of Qadr. Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam said,

Seek Laylat-ul-Qadr during the last ten days of Ramadān. (At-Tirmidhī)

The Virtues of Laylat-ul-Qadr

Laylat-ul-Qadr is a night full of blessings and goodness. ‘Ibādah carried out on Laylat-ul-Qadr is better than ‘ibadah carried out continuously for a thousand months (83 years and four months). Allāh ta‘ālā says:

Verily! We revealed it (the Qur’ān) during the Night of Qadr (from Al-Lawh Al-Mahfūz to the first heaven). Do you know what is the Night of Qadr? The Night of Qadr is much better than a thousand months. The angels and the Rūh (Sayyidunā Jibra’īl ‘alayhis salām) descend in it by the Command of their Rabb with every decision. It (this night) is full of peace. And (all of this) remains (from sunset) until the break of dawn. (97:1-5)

Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam said:

During the Night of Qadr, Jibra’īl ‘alayhis salām descends with a group of angels and they make du‘ā of mercy for every servant who stands or sits remembering Allāh ta‘ālā (engaged in worship). (Al-Bayhaqī)

Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam also said:

Whoever stands in worship during the Night of Qadr with Īmān and hope of reward, all his previous sins will be forgiven. (Al-Bukhārī)

If we understood the virtues and the blessings of this great night, we too would exert great effort towards acquiring these blessings just as our pious predecessors did. It is reported regarding Qatādah rahimahullāh that he would complete the entire Qur’ān every three nights during the first twenty days of Ramadān and every night during the last ten days. In order to become deserving of the virtues of Laylat-ul-Qadr, one must exert every effort and do everything he can. One easy way of becoming deserving of the blessings of the Night of Qadr is to observe the i‘tikāf of the last ten days of Ramadān. Sayyidunā Abu Sa‘īd Al-Khudrī radhiyallāhu ‘anhu narrates that Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam said,

Verily, in search of Laylat-ul-Qadr I performed i‘tikāf of the first ten days and then extended it to the next ten days for the same purpose; then I was told that this night is in the last ten days; so those who are performing i‘tikāf with me should perform the i‘tikāf of the last ten days. (Al-Bukhārī, Muslim)

The Importance and Virtue of I‘tikāf

We learn from the Sīrah of our beloved Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam that the i‘tikāf of the last ten days of Ramadān was a practice that he sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam would not miss. Sayyidah ‘Ā’ishah radhiyallāhu ‘anhā said that Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam would observe i‘tikāf in the last ten days of Ramadān until he passed away. (Al-Bukhārī, Muslim)

Sayyidunā Anas radhiyallāhu ‘anhu said that Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam observed i‘tikāf during the last ten days of Ramadān. One year he could not observe the i‘tikāf, so the following year he observed i‘tikāf for twenty days. (At-Tirmidhī)

Mentioning the virtues of i‘tikāf, Sayyidunā Ibn ‘Abbās radhiyallāhu ‘anhu says that Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam said,

He (the one observing i‘tikāf) refrains from sins (as he confines himself to the boundary of the masjid) and is rewarded for all good deeds (that he cannot do due to being in i‘tikāf e.g. visiting the sick or participating in janāzah salāh) like that person who carries out good deeds. (Ibn Mājah)

The one performing i‘tikāf, through the blessing of staying within the confines of the masjid, is able to refrain from sins which he may have committed outside of the masjid. Along with this, he is able to engage in so many worships e.g. salāh, dhikr, tilāwat, du‘ā. Moreover, every moment of his is a means of reward as i‘tikāf in itself is also a worship; hence the one performing i‘tikāf gains the reward of i‘tikāf even whilst eating and sleeping.

I‘tikāf: A Fortune

The one observing i‘tikāf is extremely fortunate for he disassociates himself from everything and throws himself into the Court of His Lord and Creator. He remembers Him, praises Him, glorifies Him and sincerely seeks His Forgiveness; he cries over his past mistakes and beseeches His Creator for His Mercy and seeks nothing but His Pleasure. His days and nights are spent only in this pursuit. The author of Marāqī-Al-Falāh states that if i‘tikāf is observed with sincerity, then it is amongst the most virtuous deeds.

Our Task in Hand

So if one is able to perform i‘tikāf during the last ten days, he should most definitely do so. The ladies should also perform i‘tikāf at home. If one is not able to perform i‘tikāf for all of the last ten days, he should perform i‘tikāf for however many days he is able to. And if one is so busy that he cannot spend even one day in i‘tikāf then the least he should do is value each and every moment of the last ten days, especially the nights. He should refrain from every minor and major disobedience to Allāh ta‘ālā carry out actions which please Him to acquire Divine Pleasure.

May Allāh ta‘ālā grant us the tawfīq to value the remaining days of Ramadān, especially the last ten days. May He bless us with the virtue of Laylat-ul-Qadr. May He accept those who have intended to carry out the Sunnah i‘tikāf and may Allāh ta‘ālā make this Ramadān a turning point in our lives and enable us to live a life of obedience until we depart from this world. Āmīn.

© Riyādul Jannah (Vol. 27 No. 5/6, May/June 2018)


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Shaykh Saleem Dhorat

Spending to Success

By Hadhrat Mawlānā Muhammad Saleem Dhorat hafizahullāh

Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam said:

Sadaqah does not decrease wealth. (Muslim)

We learn from this hadīth that no one will ever suffer financial loss due to spending in the path of Allāh ta’ālā. This principle is absolute. Financial experts and economists may not agree, but the words of Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam can never be wrong. The intellect says that spending, whether in sadaqah or for worldly matters, decreases one’s wealth. It calculates that someone with £1,000 who spends £100 on helping an orphan or widow, or on building a masjid, will be left with £900, so spending decreases wealth. However, sadaqah does not decrease wealth, and the thought that it does comes from Shaytān, and is in direct contradiction to the teachings of Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam.

Shaytān’s Promise

This ploy of Shaytān has been described in the Qur’ān:

Shaytān promises you poverty, and commands you to indecency… (2:268)

When dealing with people who are not particularly religious, Shaytān scares them with the threat of poverty and tries to persuade them not to spend in the path of Allāh ta’ālā at all. The approach he takes with religious people is to persuade them to spend only what is obligatory, arguing that anything beyond that would lead to poverty. He asserts that zakāh, which is fard, is already a drain on resources, so giving voluntary sadaqah will only incur a further decrease in wealth. Furthermore, he reminds them of their other religious financial obligations, like spending on their families etc. in an attempt to discourage them from spending voluntarily in the path of Allāh ta’ālā.

Shaytān will exert his energies to stop a person spending a mere £5 towards the construction of a masjid, scaring him with thoughts of poverty, yet he will allow the same individual to happily squander £50 in the marketplace, as he has no interest in preventing him from doing so. He stops believers spending in ways that bring the pleasure of Allāh ta’ālā, and encourages them to indulge in isrāf – being extravagant and wasteful with money – as it brings the displeasure of Allāh ta’ālā.

It is therefore essential that we do muhāsabah (self assessment) at every step in case our approach to spending is actually lowering our value in the eyes of Allāh ta’ālā, curbing our spiritual and religious progress and pleasing Shaytān.

Allāh ta’ālā’s Promise

…And Allāh promises you forgiveness from Himself and Abundance; and Allāh is All-Embracing, All-Knowing. (2:268)

While Shaytān promises only one thing, poverty, Allāh ta’ālā promises two: forgiveness and an increase in wealth. The first of these is a blessing that secures success in the hereafter, and the second brings ease in the world.

If £1 is spent in the path of Allāh ta’ālā, the minimum He will give in return to the giver is £10, a tenfold increase. Thereafter, Allāh ta’ālā increases the return by whatever multiple he wishes, up to seven hundred times and beyond, depending on the level of sincerity with which sadaqah is given and the difficulties borne by the giver. Someone who only has £100 and gives £1 makes a bigger sacrifice than someone who has £1,000 and spends £1; if the latter is rewarded tenfold with £10, the former will be rewarded with even more.

The Return on Sadaqah

In fact, Allāh ta’ālā has appointed an angel who supplicates night and day:

O Allāh, bestow a [good] return on the spender. (Al-Bukhārī)

The manner in which Allāh ta’ālā, through His wisdom, gives this return can take a number of forms:

1) Allāh ta’ālā rewards the giver with an actual increase in wealth, either straight away or after some time.

2) When someone who is well-off spends in sadaqah, Allāh ta’ālā may not give the return to him, but instead He may give it to a needy member of his offspring in the future.

3) By giving sadaqah Allāh ta’ālā protects the giver’s remaining wealth from future loss, and this is a return in itself. For example, a person was going to suffer a loss of £1,000, but by giving £200 sadaqah he is protected from that loss. He has, in effect, been given £800.

Become a Skilled Spender

Moreover, Allāh ta’ālā will reward the person in the hereafter too and will multiply his reward according to the same principles mentioned above, i.e. if a person spends £1 , Allāh ta’ālā will reward him for spending at least £10, and thereafter more according the level of sincerity and sacrifice.

Allāh ta’ālā uses a beautiful example to illustrate how He multiplies the reward for spending in His path:

The example of those who spend in the way of Allāh is just like a grain that produced seven ears, each ear having a hundred grains; and Allāh multiplies [the reward further] for whom He wills. Allāh is All-Embracing, All-Knowing. (2:261)

Allāh ta’ālā compares the reward of spending in His path to planting a single grain, which produces a plant bearing seven hundred grains. Allāh ta’ālā repays a person who spends with sincerity in His path and patiently bears any difficulties involved, by giving a reward in the hereafter equal to having spent seven hundred times the amount that was actually spent. Further, at a time of His choosing He rewards the giver with seven hundred times the original amount in this very world. And that is not all: Allāh ta’ālā gives even more when He wills.

Allāh ta’ālā’s use of a similitude in this verse, instead of just saying that He will give a seven-hundred-fold reward, provides us with a number of important lessons related to spending in the path of Allāh ta’ālā:

1) A seed will only germinate and grow if the ground it is sown in is fertile. Similarly, sadaqah will only produce reward and an increase in wealth if it is spent on a proper and deserving cause.

2) The seed must not be rotten but must be healthy and sound. Similarly, the wealth given in sadaqah must not be harām, but must have been acquired by halāl means.

3) The person sowing the seed must be proficient in planting. He must know how to plough the ground, how deep to sow the seed, how to water it etc. Similarly, the person giving sadaqah must be proficient in the masā’il related to spending.

So sadaqah will only produce a seven-hundred-fold harvest when the ‘ground’ and the ‘seed’ are sound and the giver is a competent ‘farmer’. And it is only then that sadaqah will be a true investment for the future.

May Allāh ta’ālā grant us all the ability to spend in His path and earn the vast rewards He has promised in both worlds. Āmīn.

© Riyādul Jannah (Vol. 18 No. 5, May 2009)

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Shaykh Saleem Dhorat

Listening Attentively

A Requisite for ‘Ilm and Hidāyah

By Hadrat Mawlānā Muhammad Saleem Dhorat hafizahullāh

The great muhaddith and faqīh, Sufyān Ibn ‘Uyaynah rahimahullāh states:

The first step towards acquiring ‘ilm is istimā‘ i.e. listening attentively, then to understand, then to memorise/remember, then to act upon it and propagate.

The importance of listening with full attention is the first step and an essential requisite for success in acquiring ‘ilm, which is the prerequisite to acting according to the Wishes of the Creator. It is for this reason Allāh ta‘ālā used the word istimā‘ (listening with intent) instead of sam‘ (merely to listen with or without intention), followed by the word insāt (to become silent), when stating the adab of listening to the Qur’ān in the following verse:

When the Qur’ān is recited, listen to it attentively and be silent, so that you may be showered with mercy. (7:204)

Allāh ta‘ālā has promised to bestow His Mercy upon those who listen attentively, which will manifest in the form of the ability to abstain from wrong and engage in good deeds. Allāh ta‘ālā states: 

..those who listen to the word attentively (of Allāh ta‘ālā and His Rasūl sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam, and follow (it, knowing that it is) the best of it (of all speech). These are the ones whom Allāh has guided, and these are the ones who possess (true) intelligence (wisdom). (39:18)

The importance of istimā‘ can be further understood by how Allāh ta‘ālā addressed Mūsā ‘alayhis salām when sending revelation to him. Allāh ta‘ālā states:

I have chosen you (for prophethood), so listen attentively to what is revealed. (20:13)

The commentators of the Qur’ān have mentioned that when Mūsā ‘alayhis salām was commanded that he should listen attentively to what is revealed to him, he stood on a rock, leaning against another, placed his right hand over his left, dropped his chin on his chest and stood listening attentively. 

From the above it is clear how important it is to listen attentively when seeking knowledge or listening to a discourse: only those people will genuinely benefit who listen attentively with sound understanding.

How to Listen Attentively

The pious predecessors have defined the term istimā‘ in detail. Wahb Ibn Munabbihrahimahullāh further explains the essence of istimā‘ by stating that it comprises of the following:

a. Keeping the body motionless.

A person should not engage any part of his body in anything whilst listening. He should become motionless. Fidgeting, playing around with clothes and other such actions dilute the concentration one needs when listening to religious discourses and lessons. The Sahābah radhiyallāhu ‘anhum, when in the company of Rasūlullāhsallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam, would sit so still that they were described with the phrase, “as if birds were sitting on their heads.” If a bird was to sit on a person and he desired that it does not fly away, he will need to be extremely still. This was the condition of the Sahābah radhiyallāhu ‘anhum whilst sitting in the company of Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam and listening to him.

b. Lowering the gaze.

In essence, lowering the gaze means that one should not be distracted by anything and be totally focused towards the lesson being imparted. Hence, a person needs to abstain from looking here and there. Focussing in a manner which will prevent one from being distracted is essential to listening attentively. This can be achieved by either looking down or at the speaker. Furthermore, it portrays interest to the speaker which will further enhance the quality of delivery.

c. Attention of the ears.

During the discourse or lesson, a person should lend his ears only to the speaker.

d. Attention of the mind.

Whilst listening, the mind should also be alert and attentive. Being preoccupied or thinking about other things will be a hindrance in giving the required attention. It is for this reason students are advised to disengage from all such activities and devices which occupy the mind.

e. Firm intention to act.

If a person does not intend to act upon the knowledge being imparted, his attention will not always be completely focused. Having a firm intention to practice will motivate a person to focus on everything being said.

When a person adopts such a manner of listening then he will fulfil the requisites of istimā‘ and gain the Pleasure of Allāh ta‘ālā. Allāh ta‘ālā will in return, grant him the correct understanding of knowledge and enlighten his heart with a special Nūr. Consequently, he will become from those who have been guided and granted a deep level of understanding, i.e. wisdom, as stated in the verse of the Glorious Qur’ān:

..those who listen to the word attentively (of Allāh ta‘ālā and His Rasūl sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam, and follow (it, knowing that it is) the best of it (of all speech). These are the ones whom Allāh has guided, and these are the ones who possess (true) intelligence (wisdom). [39:18]

May Allāh ta‘ālā grant us the tawfīq to implement the act of listening attentively so that we may acquire true benefit from religious discourses and lessons. Āmīn.

© Riyādul Jannah (Vol. 25 No. 9, September 2016)


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Shaykh Saleem Dhorat

Importance of Small Deeds


By Hadrat Mawlānā Muhammad Saleem Dhorat hafizahullāh

The aim and objective of every believer is to acquire the Pleasure of Allāh ta‘ālā, and for that one has to carry out good deeds. These good deeds fall into two categories:fard(obligatory) and nafl (optional). Non-compliance with the obligatory deeds will leave a believer sinful; therefore, priority has to be given to the obligatory commands. But, together with this, an ardent effort needs to be made to perform as many optional deeds as possible.

The Prophet sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam says in a hadīth qudsīyy that Allāh ta‘ālā says:

“My servant does not get proximity to Me with anything more beloved to Me than what I have made compulsory upon him. Thereafter, he continues to gain proximity to Me by performing optional deeds, until I love him.” (Al-Bukhārī)

From this hadīth we understand that in order to acquire maximum proximity to Allāhta‘ālā and become His beloved, together with carrying out the obligatory actions, we need to go beyond and perform the optional deeds; then only will we become the beloved of Allāh ta‘ālā. It is therefore of utmost importance that we take the whole package and, whilst carrying out the obligatory deeds, try our utmost to carry out as many optional deeds as possible.

One should, upon seeing his/her weakness in performing obligatory actions, never feel that there is no benefit in performing optional actions. This is an incorrect mindset, as deficiencies in, or lack of obligatory deeds on the Day of Qiyāmah can somewhat be made up through optional devotions. The Prophet sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam said:

“Indeed, the first action that will be judged by Allāh on the Day of Judgement shall be Salāh. Our Lord, the Great, the Mighty, despite knowing, will say to the angels, ‘Check my servant’s account (for his Salāh); did he complete it or leave it incomplete?’ If it is complete, then it will be written as such. And if it is found lacking, then Allāh will say, ‘Check if my servant has any optional Salāh in his account. If he has optional Salāh, then complete his obligatory Salāh with this and then reckon him on this deed.’” (Abū Dāwūd)

Similarly, another benefit of performing optional actions, whilst being weak in obligatory actions, is that the nūr (light) created in the heart by these actions will make the heart healthy making obligatory actions easy to perform. Therefore, any small action should not be undermined or underestimated, as one is not aware of the spiritual effect it will have on the heart.

Moreover, many times optional actions which seemed trivial at the time become the means of Allāh ta‘ālā’s forgiveness. We have the famous story of the transgressing woman who upon seeing a thirsty dog gave it water to drink. On account of this one deed Allāh ta‘ālā forgave her and entered her into Jannah. (Al-Bukhārī) Similar is the story of the man who cut a branch from a tree which was hindering people who used that path. The Prophet sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam mentioned that he had seen the man strolling in Jannah on account of this deed. (Muslim)

Another important point to keep in mind regarding this is that any action, big or small, should be carried out as soon as the thought of performing it comes to mind. These thoughts to do good are like noble guests. If they are not entertained, they will not return.

Finally, with regards to optional deeds, we see people going to two extremes. Firstly, we have those who when hearing of incidents such as those quoted above about the dog and the branch, become complacent. They think that they have done many such optional deeds and helped many people, so they will most definitely go to Jannah! This is definitely not the correct mindset. Rather, the correct way to look at such incidents is to think that the person in the incident was fortunate. Take the example of a person who escapes a fine from the police for doing something wrong, this does not mean that another should also do the same because he too will escape in the same way! We should therefore continue performing as many deeds as possible. The other extreme people go to is thinking that they are so stooped in sin that a small optional deed will do no good for them whatsoever. This is also incorrect, for no matter how sinful a person may be, every good deed, even if it is the mere saying of subhānallāhor alhamdulillāh, will definitely be beneficial in one way or another.

It is therefore important that we do the utmost to maximise our good deeds with the intention of seeking the attention of Allāh ta‘ālā. If we do, then, inshā’allāh, Allāhta‘ālā will grant barakah in our actions and we will soon find ourselves practicing the whole Dīn, performing both the obligatory and optional acts. May Allāh ta‘ālā grant us the tawfīq.

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Shaykh Saleem Dhorat

Hāfiz Ibrāhīm Dhorat rahimahullāh

by Shaykh Mawlānā Muhammad Saleem Dhorat hafizahullāh

In 1991 Shaykh Muhammad Saleem Dhorat hafizahullāh had to give up his teaching post at Darul Uloom Bury and move back to Leicester, the city in which he grew up. The reason why the respected Shaykh had to return was the demise of his father, Hāfiz Ibrāhīm Dhorat rahimahullāh.

Hāfiz Dhorat rahimahullāh was an extraordinary individual who was well loved and respected by all who knew him. He was from amongst those who held a lofty status in piety. That such a noble soul could exist in the twentieth century, leading a normal life in an inner city environment is proof of the vibrancy and power of Islām, and an encouraging example to the rest of us of how we too can lead exemplary lives.

Shaykh Muhammad Saleem states, “Whatever I am is the du‘ā and tarbiyyah of my late father.”

There follows the translation of the letter sent by Shaykh Muhammad Saleem to the akābirīn who were aquainted with his respected father, informing them of his demise, requesting their du‘ās and recounting some of his noble qualities, that are usually found in the friends of Allāh ta‘ālā.
Bismillāhir Rahmānir Rahīm

Leicester, UK  – Dhul Hijjah 1411

Honourable Hadhrat,

Assalāmu alaykum wa rahmatullāhi wa barakātuh

Praise be to Allāh ta‘ālā that through the blessings of Hadhrat’s du‘ās this servant is in good health, and praying for the goodness and safety of Hadhrat.

With much grief Hadhrat is informed that my respected father, Hāfiz Ibrāhīm Dhorat rahimahullāh departed from this world to meet his Creator at nine o’clock, on the morning of Wednesday 21st Zul Hijjah (3rd July 1991) after 73 years of life. “Truly, we belong to Allāh ta‘ālā, and to Him we will return.”

Because of my respected father’s acquaintance with you, I write this letter, anticipating your du‘ā and passing of reward to the deceased.

Allāh ta‘ālā bestowed my late father with many great qualities. After completing his hifz at Jāme‘ah Husayniyah, the well known dārul ‘ulūm at Rander, he remained in the company of the akābirīn and mashāyikh for a number of years and derived spiritual benefit from them. It was also in his youth that he commenced teaching, a service which he continued rendering up to the time of his demise. He has hundreds of students, of which dozens are huffāz and ‘ulamā. During the last few years, due to frailty, he was not officially attached to any madrasah, but still he would listen to the revision of mature huffāz at his home for hours daily, a practise which continued until a day before he passed away.

Allāh ta‘ālā also blessed my respected father with elevated character and disposition. He would meet young and old with a smile. Having performed wudhū at home he would always be first to greet young and old with salām on the way to the masjid. He had affection and attachment for all the Muslims of the city, and held the ‘ulamā in great respect. He showed great affection and love to youngsters, often giving money to children of ordinary Muslims.

My respected father would share with everyone in their occasions of happiness and grief. If someone’s child became an ‘ālim or acquired a degree or started a business, my respected father would congratulate them and pray for their children. A du‘ā for every child was, “May Allāh ta‘ālā make you a helper of His Dīn and a service to humanity.”

On hearing of someone falling even slightly ill he would personally go to visit them, or at least phone them to ask how they were. An official ID card meant that he had access to the hospital to visit patients at any time. He would arrange a lift and visit the sick in hospital and pray for them. Even if someone called for him at two in the morning he would abandon his sleep and cheerfully get ready and attend the patient, reciting the Qur’ān at their side and reassuring them.

If he failed to encounter any of his friends in the masjid he would ask after them. If it turned out that they had gone out of town he would phone them the next day and good-naturedly complain of their not having informed him! If he learned of anyone going on a journey he would make a point of going to meet them before they departed, and again on their return.

My respected father would never critisize or complain about anyone in front of anyone. He himself maintained ties with all and tried his utmost that other Muslims and associates too stayed united. His heart was always clean with regards to others, and he left this world in that state. Possibly it was this untainted relationship with people that Allāh ta‘ālā liked so much, that in his final week Allāhta‘ālā created the means of meeting his loved one’s and associates in an extraordinary way. The opening of the Tablīghi Markaz in Leicester took place in that last week, which was attended by England’s amīr of the Tablīghi movement. People from all around the city and its environs had gathered and my father stayed at the Markaz from morning till night on both days of the gathering and met with everyone. Then, three days prior to his demise the ‘ulamā from around Leicester met at my father’s house for a meeting concerning Jāme‘ah Hayātus Sālihāt, giving him an opportunity to meet them all and offer them hospitality.

My respected father would attend the lectures of any visiting ‘ālim, young or old, whether from the UK or abroad, even if the talks were organised at distant masājid. He was extremely soft-hearted, often crying at the mention of the ākhirah or the blessed name of Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam, and people present would acknowledge that the tears were spontaneous and without ostentation. After the lecture he would go forward himself to shake hands with the speaker.

My respected father greeted any newcomer in the masjid, whether he was acquainted with him or not. He would sit with the brothers who came in Tablīgh and listen to them. Two days prior to his demise he submitted his name to go to the ijtimā at Dewsbury for ten days. When the Leicester brothers used to go to other towns, the local ‘ulamā and brothers in Tablīgh would ask about my father and talk of his sincerity, and convey their salāms, an indication that his lofty character was well known and that he was held in esteem throughout the country.

My respected father’s connection with educational establishments also remained till the end. He would collect funds during Ramadhān for many UK and overseas establishments. When he was unable to walk he would sign receipts and send youngsters out to collect money. He would also assist visiting ‘ulamā who were collecting charity funds, keeping them at his residence for weeks on end, sometimes for a whole month. My father would tend to them just as he would to a guest of a couple of days. Two days before he passed away he distributed receipts on behalf of Majlis Khuddām al-Dīn with his own hands.

Whenever a masjid was founded or a Dīni project was initiated in the city, he would attend and perform salāh there, give encouragement and offer his assistance. On the occasion of the completion of Sahīh Bukhāri, he would personally organise transport and arrange a group of a dozen or so people to travel to Dārul ‘Ulūm.

My respected father had much sympathy for ordinary Muslims. In the matter of marriage, he would assist parents in finding a match for their children. Just five days before his demise he was busy in assisting some guests who were staying at a friend’s house to find a marriage partner for a member of the family. Finding a contact in a nearby town, he arranged to take the guests in his own car, and not finding a driver took his son along, who is an ‘ālim. He did not accept any form of remuneration for his efforts from the guests.

My respected father was the sponsor of hundreds of poor people in India. Collecting money from family and friends, he would help them by sending funds during Ramadhān, the two ‘Īds and on the occasion of weddings etc. Up to the very end he was responsible for the fees of many boys and girls studying in madrasahs and schools.

My respected father was extremely selfless and humble. Right until the end he would himself carry out all his own personal tasks. In fact he preferred to serve the members of his family and not accept service from anyone. His simplicity was remarkable. His bedding always remained on the ground and he was completely disinclined to worldly pleasures. In fact, necessary matters aside, he took no interest in worldly matters whatsoever.

My respected father showed immense concern for the young generation, especially since mixed schooling was made compulsory by the state. He used to advise people to establish separate schools and madrasahs for Muslim children in order to safeguard children from the effects of a permissive society. Once, a hospital was put up for sale and when my father became aware of it, he personally went to inspect it and remarked, “This building is highly suitable for a madrasah. If the Muslim community purchases it, I will sell my house and give the money as qarz hasanah, and live in rented accommodation.”

Three days prior to his demise, leading ‘ulamā from within Leicester gathered together and conducted a three hour meeting, which resulted in a plan to establish a boarding madrasah for girls over the age of ten, to be named Jāme‘ah Hayātus Sālihāt. The meeting took place on a Saturday evening, and straight after Maghrib the task of meeting people commenced. After Zhuhr on Sunday he participated in a four hour meeting with the committee of a masjid with regards to the new venture, and after ‘Asr he went to view a hospital that was for sale. Before Zhuhr on Tuesday he participated in an important consultation with some ‘ulamā for an hour, but before ‘Asr his health was failing. By Wednesday he had left this world and entered into the Mercy of Allāh ta‘ālā.

Ma‘mūlāt (Practices):

My respected father was always punctual with his Tahajjud, Ishrāq, Salātud Dhuhā, Awwābīn and salāh with congregation. Daily he would recite a minimum of three juz of the Qur’ān, and adhere to his routine of reciting from Al-hizbul A‘zam, Munājāte Maqbool, Dalā’ile Khayrāt, Awrāde Fat’hīyah, Qasīdah Toobā, Salāt and salām and others. In the event of going on a journey, he would complete recitation of the Qur’ān in the morning and take the other books with him in a bag, completing his ma‘mūlāt on the way.

He would always remain with wudhū, his tongue was always moist with the dhikr of Allāh ta‘ālā and he would shower everyone with du‘ās.

Journey to the Akhirah:

Even on the day before he passed away he walked to the masjid to perform all his salāh. He remained in the masjid from ‘Asr to ‘Ishā, and confided to his dear friend, Shaykh Gora, “I feel a light weight on my chest. On the way to salāh I had to sit down, and I have arranged for a car to take me home after ‘Asr. But now I don’t think I will go home, my heart feels so attached to the masjid.”

After ‘Asr, Fadhā’ile Hajj was being read – the part about Madīnah Munawwarah and Masjid Nabawi. As he listened he would say, “Allāh, Allāh,” indicating that he was being greatly affected by the reading. After the reading he met some friends, and made casual mention of his pain, but thereafter carried on talking as if he was perfectly healthy. No one could even tell that he was not well.

After Maghrib Salāh, he sat for the tafsīr of the Qur’ān, and after offering ‘Ishā Salāh he left the masjid and walked home. After completing his ma‘mūlāt he retired to sleep. He attended Fajr Salāh with jamā‘ah and after completing his ma‘mūlāt and Ishrāq retired to sleep.

At nine in the morning, when my mother tried to wake him up she realised that he had passed away. Shortly, the doctor arrived and certified the death, and then the news spread throughout the country and abroad. First of all, the city’s ‘ulamā arrived. My teacher, Shaykh Yusuf Motala hafizahullāh was unable to travel due to illness, but he consoled me and gave me advice over the phone. Shaykh Hāshim, Mufti Shabbīr and other senior teachers hafizahumullāh participated in the janāzah.

Bathing to Burial:

We brothers and the local ‘ulamā performed the ghusl, during which everyone exclaimed aloud that Hāfiz Saheb is smiling! Everyone just stared for a few minutes. It was apparent that he had left this world smiling.

Within five or six hours hundreds of huffāz and ‘ulamā and thousands of Muslims, local and from outside Leicester, had gathered. At four in the afternoon Shaykh Hāshim Patel hafizahullāh, the khalīfah of Shaykh Muhammad Zakariyyā rahimahullāh, led the Janāzah Salāh in an open field. Leicester had not witnessed such a large gathering in a janāzah before. With tear-filled eyes, my father was finally lowered into his grave. The whole process took only a few hours, which is unusual in light of council regulations in this country. Due to its swiftness, many people were unable to participate in the janāzah. As they got to hear the news, people would offer their condolences over the phone and state that they had conveyed reward to the deceased.

The students of Dārul ‘Ulūm Bury also had great affection for my father. Even before the burial they had recited Qur’ān and conveyed the reward to my father. People are still coming to offer their condolences until late at night. The Kalimah Tayyibah has been repeated tens of thousands of times to pass on the reward. Within these twenty-four hours dozens of telephone calls of condolence have been received from the UK and abroad.

After observing all this we get some idea of the acceptance Allāh ta‘ālā has granted my respected father, and the grief of parting from such a compassionate benefactor is somewhat lessened.

We are five brothers in Britain and one in India, and four sisters who are comfortable in their own homes, by the Grace of Allāhta‘ālā. Four brothers have memorised the Glorious Qur’ān. Through the blessing of my father’s du‘ās, I graduated from Dārul ‘Ulūm Bury, and by the Grace of Allāh ta‘ālā I am at present teaching ‘ālim classes in the same institute. My younger brother Hāfiz Ismā‘īl is graduating this year. Caring for our mother is now our responsibility.

I humbly request Hadhrat and Hadhrat’s associates that they send reward and make special du‘ā for my respected father. May Allāh ta‘ālā grant him Jannatul Firdaws, fill his grave with light, enter him into His mercy, accept his good deeds, bring out his excellent qualities in his children too and fulfil the noble hopes and wishes he had. Āmīn.

Wassalām
(Shaykh) Muhammad Saleem Dhorat hafizahullāh

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Shaykh Saleem Dhorat

Shaykh Muhammad Saleem Dhorat (Hafidhahullah)

 http://www.idauk.org/

Shaykh Muhammad Saleem Dhorat (Hafidhahullah) was born on the 7th of November 1962 in Bhoria; a small, rural village in India and from a very young age displayed the signs of piety, trustworthiness, zeal for knowledge and concern for humanity for which he is now well known.

Shaykh Muhammad Saleem Dhorat (Hafidhahullah) arrived in England in 1973 at the age of 11 with his mother and siblings to join his father, Hafiz Ibraheeem Dhorat (Rahmatullahi alayh). Shaykh’s father was serving as an Imam in Leicester

In 1980, Shaykh Muhammad Saleem (Hafidhahullah) Dhorat enrolled to study Islamic Theology at Darul Uloom Al Arabiyah Al Islamiyah which is based in Bury, Lancashire and at that time it was the only institute of its kind in the United Kingdom.

Shaykh Muhammad Saleem Dhorat (Hafidhahullah) after Graduation

After graduating with honours, Shaykh Saleem Dhorat remained at the Darul Uloom for a further five years as a lecturer: a testimony to his academic brilliance and capability. He taught books such as Usulus Shashi, Hidaayatun Nahw, Mirqaat, Hidaayah and the well known book of Hadeeth, Riyaadus Saliheen.

In 1991 Shaykh Muhammad Saleem Dhorat (Hafidhahullah) founded the Islamic Dawah Academy to help people, especially the young, undertsand the teachings of Islam. Initially starting from his home, the Academy has now grown to provide religious guidance, information and courses, advice services, da’wah amongst non-Muslims, youth activities and publications. It regularly holds talk and tours for visiting luminaries from around the world and is recognised for it’s monthly English journal, Riyadul Jannah.

Shaykh’s (Hafidhahullah)  regular discourses throughout the UK and around the world attract huge audiences and many of Shaykh’s thought provoking lectures are recorded and available via a range of media. Perhaps the reason for Shaykh’s widespread appeal and acceptance is because he has a keen awareness of what is going on in our world and he understands what we experience in our day to day life.

Shaykh Saleem Dhorat’s beneficial lectures, talks and programmes can be heard on the Islamic Dawah Academy website.

Adapted from Islamise website.

Maulana Saleem Dhorat's Da'wah Academy

May Allah swt give good health and long life to Shaykh Muhammad Saleem Dhorat (Hafidhahullah) in order that the ummah continue to benefit from his presence, lessons and knowledge, Ameen.

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